Expert: Simultaneous live ammunition exercises in three directions of the Chinese Navy are rare, warning foreign military provocations

 Today (August 28), the spokesperson of the Eastern Theater Command, Colonel Shi Yi, said that on August 27, the Eastern Theater of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army dispatched warships, fighter-bombers, fighters and other military forces to conduct joint operations in the East China Sea. Police patrols, and conduct training in subjects such as joint assaults on the sea.












The relevant actions are aimed at improving the integrated and joint operations capabilities of the theater forces. The theater will be organized normally according to the surrounding situation and the need to maintain national sovereignty and security.

Drills in three large areas to improve the actual combat capability of the troops

Recently, we can frequently see military exercises being held in multiple sea areas. Just this Monday, the Chinese maritime department issued a number of navigational warnings. The navigational warnings indicated that the Chinese navy would fire live ammunition in the three sea areas. What do these navigational warnings indicate? What is the difference between the content of the exercise and the past?

On August 23, the Maritime Safety Administration of the People's Republic of China issued multiple navigational warnings, which caused concern. The information showed that the People's Liberation Army will conduct live ammunition in various areas of the three seas and prohibit ships from entering.  

Among them, the navigation warning issued by the Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration showed that there was a live fire drill in the waters near Nan'ao, Nanhai, on August 25. The Yantai Maritime Safety Administration issued a navigational warning stating that the Bohai Strait and the Changdao waters will conduct live fire training on August 25 and prohibit ships from entering the training area. The navigation warning issued by the Dandong Maritime Safety Administration showed that in the northern part of the Yellow Sea, Dalu Island, from 0:00 on August 24 to 24:00 on August 26, carried out live ammunition within the four-point line, and entry was prohibited. 

Military factual bomb exercises to warn foreign military provocations

Within a day, the official website of the China Maritime Safety Administration announced navigation warnings in three sea areas, and the ban on navigation was all because of the need to conduct military actual missile exercises. Is this common? What kind of message is being conveyed?

It is rare to conduct live ammunition drills in three directions at the same time 

Military expert Cao Weidong: Because our country’s coastline is very long and the maritime direction is also facing different threats, but three directions or three sea areas have to carry out this kind of live ammunition shooting or live ammunition training at the same time. This is rare. Usually refers to a certain area, such as the Bohai Sea or the South China Sea. But now three sea areas have been opened at once. This is different from the past.The live ammunition exercise is a warning against foreign military provocations

I think there are two reasons. First, in fact, the live ammunition inspection of this kind of weapons and equipment, and the simultaneous deployment of so many areas, I think it is conscious to send a signal to the outside world, targeting our country’s recent maritime direction, and related air directions, some foreign fighters or It was some military provocations by the ships that they kept approaching for reconnaissance and continued reconnaissance operations. Some of our responses are military actions, which are a warning to such foreign military provocations and such Taiwan independence forces. 

In a certain area of ​​the East China Sea, a multi-subject live ammunition training was carried out in a fleet of ships

In addition to the drills in the South China Sea, the Bohai Sea, and the East China Sea, the warship formation organized by the Eastern Theater Command also conducted high-intensity multi-course live ammunition training in a certain area of ​​the East China Sea.

Recently, a destroyer detachment of the Eastern Theater Command organized a fleet of ships to carry out several days of high-intensity multi-subject live fire training in a certain area of ​​the East China Sea. In the early morning, the naval fleet consisting of the Zhengzhou, Changzhou, Yiyang, and Binzhou ships successively unmoored and set sail, and rushed to a certain area of ​​the East China Sea for actual combat training. As soon as the Zhengzhou ship arrived in the mission area, it was the first to spot the unknown sea target, and the battle alarm was sounded. 

The threat to the sea has just been lifted, and the enemy in the air has come one after another. The ships of the formation quickly formed an air defense formation, the radar continued to track and lock the target, the weapon system responded quickly, weaving a multi-layer three-dimensional air defense network, and successfully intercepting the incoming target. 

While the formation was urgently responding to air threats, the Binzhou ship observed that unknown underwater targets were approaching the formation, and the ships quickly launched anti-submarine formations and organized anti-submarine attacks. 

On August 17, Colonel Shi Yi, the spokesperson of the Eastern Theater Command, said that the Eastern Theater of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army deployed warships, anti-submarine aircraft, fighter planes and other services to organize joint fire assaults and other actual forces in the surrounding sea and airspace in the southwest and southeast of Taiwan. Drills to test the integrated joint operations capabilities of the theater forces. 

Expert opinion: the exercise is a warning to the Taiwan authorities and the US military provocation

The Eastern Theater District announced on August 17 that multiple military services in the Eastern Theater District were conducting exercises around Taiwan Island. Army Colonel Shi Yi said that recently, the United States and Taiwan have repeatedly provoked and sent serious wrong signals, severely infringed upon China’s sovereignty, and severely undermined the peace and stability of the Taiwan Strait. , Has become the biggest source of security risks across the Taiwan Strait.

This speech was very tough. What does this show?  

Military expert Cao Weidong: We are engaged in these military activities, aiming at the military provocations of foreign ships and planes against our surrounding coastal areas! 

In addition, our actions are to warn the Taiwan authorities or the separatist forces in Taiwan. It is very dangerous to step on the red line! Because we have never promised not to use military means! I am carrying out this kind of military exercise now as a warning to the provocative military actions of the United States against us! This is a warning to the separatist forces of the Taiwan authorities. If you go on like this, I will take action. What action? I will show you my drill. 

The Chinese People's Liberation Army is capable of responding to provocative acts 

There are both submarines, surface ships, air fighters, and corresponding missiles in the exercise. If your provocation is a ship, my submarines, ships, and planes can attack you. If this kind of provocation is done in other ways, I have the ability to deal with this kind of provocation. So I think the direction of this speech is very clear.

The increase or decrease of the number of exercises is related to the future development of the situation 

If the Taiwan authorities can clearly recognize the current situation, be able to slow down or wake up on the road of splitting or progressive "Taiwan independence", I think such exercises may be reduced, and the locations of the exercises It may be further away from Taiwan Island. Because of this, it may reduce some of this pressure on it.

But if it continues to move forward on this road and lean towards the red line, I think this kind of exercise may become more frequent and its scale will become larger and larger. 

The Rocket Force successfully test-fired two new missiles

Recently, not only the navy has carried out one after another drills, but the Rocket Force has also taken action. Last week, the Rocket Force successfully tested two new missiles.

In recent days, the Rocket Force responded quickly in the Northwest Desert and successfully launched two new missiles, accurately hitting targets with multiple protection positions hundreds of kilometers away. 

In the Northwest Desert, the first brigade of conventional missiles of the Rocket Army, which was concealed on standby, received the launch command. The trumpeters quickly launched the operation, erected the missile and entered various parameters. The entire operation time was reduced by half compared to the previous one. 

A few minutes later, the missile accurately hit the target, effectively destroying the key information node of the Blue Army's defense system. 

The Rocket Force’s live ammunition launch actively explored new tactics such as the rapid response of conventional missile forces and attacking outline targets, successfully expanded the types of new warheads, and effectively improved conventional missiles’ multi-mode precision attack, destruction of paralyzed nodes, integrated anti-interference, and advancement. Ability to break the enemy. 

The new quality warhead has the ability to counter interference

This test successfully expanded the types of new warheads for the Rocket Army. What is so special about this new warhead? What effect does it have on the development of the rocket army’s weapons and equipment?

Military expert Cao Weidong: Because the new quality mainly means that the target of its damage is the opponent's command post or communication agency. And we can imagine that in modern warfare, in this kind of military operations of informatization, the opponent's communication organization or its command organization must be very tightly protected.

In addition to hardware defense, it must have a lot of electronic countermeasures or interference. Under such circumstances, whether your missile can hit the target accurately or not is not a matter of distance.

After you pass, if you want to call someone's command post or communication agency, in the case of a large amount of electronic interference, you can identify which is the real target and which is the interference. So I think this new quality warhead must not only break through the interception of the enemy’s defenses by missiles and artillery, but also have some ability to counter new electronic interference, so that it can hit the target more accurately. 

The new quality warhead reflects the development of the rocket army’s weaponry

It is only a new type of missile, and it is mainly improved on the warhead. In fact, it is erecting, including transportation, and manipulation may have some new progress. This whole reflects the development of weaponry and equipment of our country's rocket army. 

If we mobilize these missile forces to the coastal direction, or our inland, they can still play their role as a component of the Chinese People's Liberation Army’s Great Wall of Steel, or as a component of our military warfare under the conditions of information technology.

At the Central National Work Conference, Xi Jinping emphasized that the main line of forging the consciousness of the Chinese nation community is to promote the high-quality development of the party's national work in the new era

 CCTV News (news broadcast): The Central Ethnic Work Conference was held in Beijing from August 27th to 28th. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission attended the meeting and delivered an important speech. Remove the correct path of solving ethnic problems with Chinese characteristics, build a common spiritual home for the Chinese nation, promote exchanges and integration of all ethnic groups, accelerate the pace of modernization in ethnic areas, improve the level of rule of law in ethnic affairs, prevent and resolve hidden risks in the ethnic field, and promote new With the high-quality development of the Party’s national work in the era, the entire party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country are mobilized to unite and strive to achieve the second centenary goal of building a modern and powerful socialist country in an all-round way.



  Li Keqiang presided over the meeting. Li Zhanshu, Wang Huning, Zhao Leji and Han Zheng attended the meeting. Wang Yang made a concluding speech.




  In his speech, Xi Jinping pointed out that looking back on the party's century-long history, the party's greatest achievement in national work is to blaze a correct path to resolve national issues with Chinese characteristics. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our party has emphasized the concepts of the big family of the Chinese nation, the community of the Chinese nation, and the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community. The precious experience of grasping ethnic issues and doing a good job in ethnic work has formed the party’s important thinking on strengthening and improving ethnic work, which can be summarized as follows. First, we must grasp the historical position of the party's national work in the new era from the height of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation, and take the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as the starting point and goal, and make overall plans and advance the party's national work in the new era. Second, we must take the promotion of all ethnic groups to work together for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country as an important task of the party's national work in the new era, and promote all ethnic groups to keep up with the pace of the times, work together in unity, and prosper and develop together. The third is to firmly establish the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community as the main line of the party’s national work in the new era, promote the strong recognition of the great motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Communist Party of China, and socialism with Chinese characteristics by all nations, and continue to promote the Chinese nation’s community. Construction. Fourth, we must adhere to a correct view of the history of the Chinese nation and increase our sense of identity and pride for the Chinese nation. Fifth, we must uphold the equality of all ethnic groups, ensure that all ethnic groups are the masters of the country, participate in the management of state affairs, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people of all ethnic groups. Sixth, we must hold high the banner of the great unity of the Chinese nation, and promote all ethnic groups to hug each other like pomegranate seeds in the big family of the Chinese nation. Seventh, we must uphold and improve the system of ethnic regional autonomy, ensure the smooth flow of the party’s central government, ensure the implementation of national laws and regulations, support the development of the economy, improve people’s livelihoods, and achieve common development and common prosperity. Eighth, it is necessary to build a common spiritual home for the Chinese nation, so that the hearts of all ethnic groups can be united and spiritually dependent, and a strong spiritual bond of cohesion and unity must be formed. Ninth, it is necessary to promote extensive exchanges and integration of all ethnic groups, promote the unity and unity of all ethnic groups in ideals, beliefs, emotions, and cultures, and support each other and have deep brotherhood. Tenth, we must persist in managing ethnic affairs in accordance with the law, and promote the modernization of the ethnic affairs governance system and governance capabilities. Eleventh, we must resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, educate and guide all ethnic groups to inherit and carry forward patriotic traditions, and consciously safeguard the unity of the motherland, national security, and social stability. Twelfth, we must uphold the party's leadership over ethnic work, and improve the ability and level of solving ethnic problems and doing ethnic work well. Our party’s important thinking on strengthening and improving national work is the party’s


  Xi Jinping emphasized that to do a good job in the party's national work in the new era, it is necessary to make the establishment of the Chinese nation's community consciousness the main line of the party's national work. To forge the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community is to guide the people of all ethnic groups to firmly establish a community concept of sharing weal and woe, honour and disgrace, life and death, and destiny. Forging the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community is an inevitable requirement for safeguarding the fundamental interests of all ethnic groups. Only when building a strong sense of the Chinese nation’s community and building a strong ideological wall that safeguards national unity and ethnic unity, and all ethnic groups work together to maintain national security and social stability, can it be effective. Only by resisting the infiltration and subversion of all kinds of extreme and divisive ideologies can the people of all ethnic groups continue to realize their yearning for a better life, and only then can the fundamental interests of all ethnic groups be realized, safeguarded, and developed. Forging the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community is an inevitable requirement for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only by building the sense of the Chinese nation’s community can we effectively deal with the risks and challenges that may occur in the ethnic field in the process of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and can we flourish and develop for the party and the country. Long-term stability provides important ideological guarantee. Building a strong sense of the Chinese nation’s community is an inevitable requirement for consolidating and developing equality, unity, mutual assistance, and harmonious socialist ethnic relations. Only by building a strong sense of the Chinese nation’s community can the conscious recognition of the Chinese nation of all nations be enhanced and the ideological foundation for the development of our nation’s national relations can be consolidated. Promote the Chinese nation to become a community of destiny with higher recognition and stronger cohesion. It is the inevitable requirement for the party's national work to create a new situation to forge the consciousness of the Chinese nation community. Only to adapt to the changes of the times, improve national work in the direction of enhancing commonality, and achieve the dialectical unity of commonality and difference, ethnic factors and regional factors Only by combining organically can the party's national work in the new era be done well in detail and solidly.




  Xi Jinping pointed out that the innovation and development of the party's ethnic work is to stick to the correct, adjust the outdated, and better protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people of all ethnic groups. To correctly grasp the relationship between commonality and difference, and to enhance commonality, respect, and tolerance of differences are important principles of national work. It is necessary to correctly grasp the relationship between the consciousness of the Chinese nation’s community and the consciousness of all nations, and guide all nations to always put the interests of the Chinese nation in the first place. In realizing the specific interests of all ethnic groups in China, Han chauvinism and local nationalism are not conducive to the construction of the Chinese national community. It is necessary to correctly grasp the relationship between Chinese culture and the cultures of various nationalities. The excellent traditional culture of various nationalities is an integral part of the Chinese culture. To correctly grasp the relationship between material and spirit, all reforms and development must be given meaning to demonstrate the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community, to maintain unity and to oppose division, to improve people's livelihood, to unite people's hearts, and to make the Chinese nation's community unbreakable.


  Xi Jinping emphasized that forging a strong sense of the community of the Chinese nation is the "outline" of the party's national work in the new era, and all work must be focused on this. It is necessary to comprehensively promote the construction of the common spiritual home of the Chinese nation. In the study and education of the history of the party, the history of the new China, the history of reform and opening up, and the history of socialist development, we must thoroughly summarize the successful experience of our party’s century-old national work, and deepen our party’s efforts to strengthen and improve Research on important thoughts of ethnic work, strengthen modern civilization education, in-depth implementation of projects such as civilization creation, civic moral construction, and cultivating newcomers of the times, and guide the people of all ethnic groups to modernize their ideas, spiritual tastes, and lifestyles. It is necessary to promote the popularization of the national common spoken and written language, scientifically protect the spoken and written languages ​​of all ethnic groups, and respect and guarantee the learning and use of the spoken and written languages ​​of ethnic minorities.


  Xi Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to promote all ethnic groups to move towards socialist modernization together. It is necessary to improve differentiated regional support policies, support the comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up in ethnic areas, and enhance self-development capabilities. Ethnic areas should be based on the reality of resource endowments, development conditions, comparative advantages, etc., and find the entry and force points to grasp the new development stage, implement the new development concept, integrate into the new development pattern, achieve high-quality development, and promote common prosperity. It is necessary to increase support for infrastructure construction and industrial structure adjustment in ethnic areas, optimize the overall layout of economic and social development and ecological civilization construction, and continuously enhance the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people of all ethnic groups. It is necessary to support ethnic areas to achieve effective linkage between the consolidation of the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and promote high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture and animal husbandry, rural livability and industry, and affluent farmers and herdsmen. It is necessary to improve the development and opening policy system along the border, and further promote the action of solidifying the border and rejuvenating the border and enriching the people.


  Xi Jinping emphasized the need to promote exchanges and integration of all ethnic groups. It is necessary to fully consider the realities of different ethnic groups and different regions, coordinate urban and rural construction layout planning and public service resource allocation, improve policies and measures, create an environmental atmosphere, and gradually realize the all-round embedding of all ethnic groups in space, culture, economy, society, and psychology. . It is necessary to deeply carry out the establishment of national unity and progress, and strive to deepen the connotation, enrich the form, and innovate methods. It is necessary to build a normalized mechanism for propaganda and education that has firmly established the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community, and incorporate it into the cadre education, party member education, and national education systems, and do a good job in social propaganda and education.


  Xi Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to improve the modernization of the ethnic affairs governance system and governance capabilities. Based on the realities of different regions and ethnic groups, and based on the principle of fairness and justice, highlight regionalization and precision, and formulate and implement differentiated regional support policies for specific regions, special issues, and special issues. It is necessary to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people of all ethnic groups in accordance with the law, properly handle cases involving ethnic factors in accordance with the law, crack down on various illegal and criminal acts in accordance with the law, and ensure that everyone is equal before the law.


  Xi Jinping emphasized that we must resolutely guard against major hidden dangers in the ethnic field. It is necessary to hold onto the ideological position, actively and prudently handle ideological issues involving ethnic factors, and continue to eliminate ethnic divisions and religious extremes. It is necessary to strengthen international anti-terrorism cooperation, and do a good job in key countries and regions, international organizations, and overseas ethnic minorities and overseas Chinese groups.


  Xi Jinping pointed out that strengthening and perfecting the party's overall leadership is the fundamental political guarantee for the party's national work in the new era. Party committees at all levels must strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidence", and achieve the "two safeguards", continuously improve political judgment, political understanding, and political execution ability, keep in mind the "big country", and earnestly perform the main body Responsibility, through the party’s leadership throughout the entire process of ethnic work, forming a new era of the party’s ethnic work pattern featuring unified leadership by the party committee, management by the government in accordance with the law, the united front department leading the coordination, the ethnic work department performing its duties, all departments working together, and the whole society participating . It is necessary to strengthen the construction of basic-level ethnic work institutions and the national work force to ensure the effective operation of basic-level ethnic work. We must adhere to the standards of good cadres in the new era, and strive to build a team of cadres in ethnic areas who maintain the party’s centralized and unified leadership attitude, are particularly resolute, distinguish between right and wrong, and have a strong sense of the Chinese nation’s community. They are particularly firm in action and who love the feelings of the people of all ethnic groups and are particularly sincere. Team to ensure that leadership at all levels is in the hands of loyal, clean and responsible cadres. It is necessary to pay more attention to, care, and care for frontline cadres working in areas with difficult conditions to attract more outstanding talents. We must pay attention to training and making good use of ethnic minority cadres, and we must fully trust and entrust important responsibilities to outstanding ethnic minority cadres who are politically strong and daring to take up their roles. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of grassroots political power in ethnic areas, consolidate the foundation at the grassroots level, and ensure that the party's ethnic theories and policies are understood at the grassroots level and that ethnic work is grasped at the grassroots level.


  When presided over the meeting, Li Keqiang pointed out that General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech comprehensively reviewed the glorious history and historical achievements of our party’s ethnic work over the past century, deeply analyzed the new situation facing the party’s ethnic work, and systematically explained our party’s focus on strengthening and improving. The important thinking of ethnic work clarifies the guiding ideology, strategic goals, key tasks, policies and measures for promoting the high-quality development of the party’s ethnic work in the new era based on forging the consciousness of the Chinese nation community, and clarifies the party’s ethnic work in the new era. It provides the direction for the advancement and provides the fundamental follow. It has a strong political, ideological, and theoretical nature. It is the concentrated expression of the party's national strategy in the field of the party's national work. We must conscientiously study and understand, strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidence", and achieve the "two safeguards", consciously unify thoughts and actions into the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, and combine the actual situation of the local department to do a good job. Implementation of various tasks.


  In his concluding speech, Wang Yang pointed out that General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech was lofty and profound, and scientifically answered important questions such as what flag to raise and what path to take in national work in the new era. It is the latest summary of the party’s national work practice and a Marxist nation. The latest achievements of the Sinicization of theories are fundamental to do well in national work in the new era. It is necessary to fully, accurately and comprehensively grasp General Secretary Xi Jinping's important thinking on strengthening and improving national work, and have a deep understanding of the core principles, spiritual essence, rich connotations, and practical requirements. It is necessary to grasp the historical position and important mission of national work at this stage from the party’s centuries-old struggle, and deeply understand the historical inevitability, extreme importance, and practical relevance of the Chinese nation’s community consciousness, so that it runs through the entire process of national work in all fields. All regions and departments should take the study and implementation of the spirit of the conference as an important political task, organize and carry out various forms of learning, training and publicity activities, combine actual research and formulate implementation opinions, strengthen leadership, compact responsibilities, do a good job of coordination, and strengthen supervision. Implement the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee into reality.


  Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, secretary of the Central Secretariat, relevant leading comrades of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, state councilors, president of the Supreme People's Court, chief prosecutor of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and relevant leading comrades of the CPPCC National Committee attended the meeting.


  All provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps are mainly responsible for comrades in charge of the party and government and in charge of ethnic work. The party committees of cities and autonomous prefectures listed in separate plans are mainly responsible for comrades. Responsible comrades, responsible comrades of relevant financial institutions and enterprises, relevant military units, and relevant research institutions attended the meeting. The meeting was held in the form of a video and telephone conference, with branch venues set up in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

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भगवान शंकराने मणी-मल्ल या दोन उन्मत्त राक्षसांचा वध करण्यासाठी हाती खड्ग धारण केल्यामुळेच या खड्गधारी शिव अवताराचे ‘खंडोबा’ असे नाव जनमानसात दृढ झाले. मात्र मरण्यापुर्वी मल्ल या दैत्याने महादेवाची स्तुती केली व मल्लासुराची वृत्ती बदलल्याचे पाहून महादेवांनी त्यास वर दिला. त्यानुसार भगवान शंकराचे नाव घेण्याआधी मल्लारीचे नाव घेतले जाऊन मार्तंडभैरवास ‘मल्लारी मार्तंड’ असे संबोधिले जाऊ लागले.


महाराष्ट्रासह संपूर्ण देशात कुलदेव व कुलदेवता यांना अतिशय महत्त्व आहे. महाराष्ट्र, कर्नाटक, गुजरात या राज्यांतील चारही वर्णांत कुलदेव व कुलदेवता यांचे अधिराज्य घराघरातून दिसून येते. प्रत्येक हिंदूच्या घरातून कुलस्वामी व कुलस्वामिनी यांची पूजा नियमित केली जाते. हिंदू धर्मीय देशात असो वा परदेशात, त्याच्या घरातील देव्हाऱ्यात पूजास्थानी या देवतांचे स्थान निश्चित असते. कुलदेव म्हणून खंडेराय अर्थात खंडोबा या शिवशंकराचे अंशकालीन अवताराचे खूप महत्त्व आहे. खंडोबाची चांदीची प्रतिमा असलेले टाक देवघरात असतात.


महाराष्ट्र व कर्नाटकात प्रामुख्याने खंडोबाची स्थाने असतात. तिथे नियमित अशा यात्रा-जत्रा होतात. भाविक त्या-त्या स्थानी कुलपरंपरेनुसार जातात, पूजाअर्चा करून देवदर्शन घेतात, अनुष्ठाने करतात, हाती दिवटी-बुधली घेऊन आरती करतात, तळी भरतात, हळदीचा भंडारा व सुके खोबरे देवाचे नाव घेऊन उधळतात, देवाचा गोंधळ घालण्यासाठी जागर करतात, देवतेस अर्पण करण्यासाठी नैवेद्य करतात. ज्यांना देवस्थानी जाणे शक्य नाही ते हे विधी स्वतःच्या गावातील खंडोबा मंदिरातही करतात.


शिवशंकराने मणी-मल्ल या दोन उन्मत्त राक्षसांचा वध करण्यासाठी हाती खड्ग धारण केले. यास्तव या खड्गधारी शिवावतारास ‘खंडोबा’ असे नाम जनमानसात दृढ झाले. त्यासच खंडेराय असेही म्हणतात. शिवाने मार्तंडभैरवाचा अवतार धारण करून हाती खड्ग धरून त्या शस्त्राने मणी-मल्ल या दोन दैत्यांचा वध केला. या वधप्रसंगी मल्ल या दैत्याने मरण्यापूर्वी महादेवाची स्तुती केली व शंकरास प्रसन्न करून घेतले. या मल्लासुराची बदललेली वृत्ती पाहून आनंदून महादेवांनी त्यास वर मागण्यास सांगितले असता मल्लासुर म्हणाला, ‘‘शंकरा ऐका मागेन ते द्यावे । माझे नाम तुझिया नामाआधी असावे ।।’’ भगवान शंकराने त्यावर ‘‘तथास्तु’’ म्हटले. तेव्हापासून मार्तंडभैरवास ‘मल्लारी मार्तंड’ असे संबोधिले गेले. ‘मल्लारी’चा पुढे लोकभाषेत ‘मल्हारी’ हा अपभ्रंश झाला.


महाराष्ट्र व कर्नाटकातील विविध राजवटकालीन सैन्य-संचलनानिमित्ताने, व्यापारधंदा, नोकरी यासाठी जे समाज देशात, देशाबाहेर गेले त्या-त्या ठिकाणी संबंधितांनी स्वतःच्या कुलदैवतांच्या प्रतिमा पूजेसाठी नेल्या. ज्या ज्या स्थळी समाज वसले,त्या त्या ठिकाणी त्यांनी कुलदेवतांची मंदिरे उभारली. अशा प्रकारे हिंदुस्थानभर अशा वसाहतीतून ‘खंडोबा’ या कुलदेवतांची मंदिरे दिसून येतात.

शिंगणापूरचा मोठा महादेव, जेजुरीचा खंडोबा व कोल्हापूरचा जोतिबा हे शिवशंकराचे अवतार असून तेही कुलदेवतांच्या स्थानी मानतात. लग्नाअगोदर वधूवरांकडील संबंधित व लग्नानंतर नवपरिणित जोडपे खंडोबाच्या दर्शनास जाण्याची प्रथा आहे. घरी आल्यावर जागरण, गोंधळाचा व प्रसादाचा कार्यक्रम केला जातो.


या देशातील बहुजन समाज, मागास जाती-जमाती, भटक्या-निमभटक्या जमाती या खंडोबास कुलदेव मानतात. हे सर्व लोक खंडोबाची नियमित पूजा करतात. गावोगावी, वस्तीवर मंदिरे उभारतात. यात्रा-जत्रा भरवतात. वारकरी जसा पंढरीस जातो तसा हा बहुजन समाजही वर्षातून एकदा तरी यात्रेनिमित्त खंडोबास कुलपरंपरेनुसार त्यास नेमून दिलेल्या ठिकाणी भक्तीने जातो.


महाराष्ट्रातील प्रत्येक जिल्ह्यात, तालुक्यात, गावागावात खंडोबारायाची मंदिरे असून त्यांची देवस्थाने आहेत. त्या ठिकाणी तिथीनुसार सार्वजनिक समारंभ, उत्सव होतात. यात्रा-जत्रा भरतात. मार्गशीर्ष महिन्यात चंपाषष्ठी, अश्विन शुद्ध नवमी, पौष शु. पौर्णिमा या तिथींना यात्रा भरतात. पौष शुद्ध पौर्णिमेस पाली येथे म्हाळसा-खंडोबा विवाह सोहळा साजरा होतो. जेजुरीस जास्त महत्त्व असून गडाचे व मंदिराचे कलात्मक बांधकाम भक्कम व प्राचीन असून प्रेक्षणीय आहे.


मल्हारीमार्तंड श्रीखंडोबाचे अवतारकार्य महान असून ‘श्रीखंडेराय चरित्र व माहात्म्य’ अत्यंत श्रवणीय आहे. खंडोबाची प्रथम पत्नी म्हाळसारूपात प्रत्यक्ष पार्वतीदेवी आहेत. म्हाळसेची पूर्वजन्मीची सखी जयाद्री ही बानूच्या रूपात खंडेरायाची दुसरी पत्नी होते. आजही ही कथा जागरण, गोंधळाच्या अनेक गाण्यांतून सर्वत्र गायली जाते. तसेच तळी-आरतीची प्रथाही आढळते. तळी भरण्याचा साधासोपा विधी कुळाचा कुळधर्म म्हणून पार पाडला जातो. या विधीसाठी पुजारी लागत नसून हा कौटुंबिक विधी धर्म आहे. घरातील लग्नकार्य, चंपाषष्ठी आदी विशिष्ट प्रसंगी हा विधी करतात. तळी नाचविताना खालील गाणे म्हणण्याची प्रथा आहे-


येळकोट येळकोट जय मल्हार,

आगडुम नगारा, सोन्याची जेजुरी ।

निळा घोडा, पायात तोडा,

कमरी करगुटा, मस्तकी तुरा, बेंबी हिरा ।

अंगावर शाल सदाही लाल,

म्हाळसा सुंदरी आरती करी ।

खोबऱ्याचा कुटका, भंडाऱ्याचा भडका,

बोला सदानंदाचा, येळकोट, येळकोट, येळकोट ।

खंडेराव महाराज की जय ।

हर हर महादेव चिंतामणी मोरया,

आनंदीचा उदय उदय, भैरीचा चांगभले ।

खंडेराव महाराज की जय ।



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